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The Volkswagen Polo is a supermini automobile produced by Volkswagen.The Polo was initially introduced inside 1975, plus because of 2011 has been yielded over five decades with intermittent facelifts.As of 2009, there has been five separate decades of the Polo,

The Volkswagen Polo is a supermini automobile produced by Volkswagen. It is available inside Europe plus additional markets worldwide inside hatchback, saloon, coupé plus property variants.

The Polo was initially introduced inside 1975, plus because of 2011 has been yielded over five decades with intermittent facelifts. Related Volkswagen Group models include the Škoda Fabia, SEAT Ibiza plus Audi A1.

As of 2009, there has been five separate decades of the Polo, normally diagnosed with a "Series" or "Mark" amount.

Many decades were facelifted mid means from manufacturing, with all the up-to-date versions acknowledged unofficially by an addition of the letter F with the mark quantity, e.g. Mark IIF. Many hit plus fanatics consider the facelifts with be separate models plus therefore have selected the unofficial designations Polo Mark 1 with Mark 7 for past decades. Every model of Polo is additionally diagnosed with a two- or three-character Volkswagen Group Typ quantity. Official VW Polo history describes Mark I with Mark IV utilizing either Roman numerals or Arabic numerals, with facelifted variants termed as "Phase II" models.

The body fashion has been varied by the lifetime of the auto, initially because a hatchback that produced within the Audi 50. A saloon adaptation was advertised because the Volkswagen Derby.

Volkswagen cars built off different platforms have carried the Polo name plate. For instance the Volkswagen Polo Playa hatchback available inside Southern Africa inside the late 1990s became a rebadged SEAT Ibiza that has a different body shell within the Mark III Polo available inside Europe simultaneously. The current saloon is just obtainable in China, Latin America plus South Africa plus different Southern Africa nations.

Volkswagen assisted consolidate the preeminence the so-called hot hatch genre of high-performance hatchbacks with their Golf GTI inside 1975, plus has yielded a amount of performance versions of the Polo. The initially of these was the Polo GT variation of the Mark 1F.

The Mark II plus IIF were accessible because supercharged G40 models. The GT G40 with its 1.3-litre 85 kW may reach 100 km/h inside 8.1 s from standstill plus had a maximum speed of 196 km/h. It was employed by Volkswagen with set a amount of planet stamina speed records, including the 1.3-litre class records for speed over 24 hours plus speed over a distance of 5,000 km.

The quickest adaptation of the Mark III found on the UK marketplace was the 16-valve h 74 kW model. A 88 kW Polo GTI model was equally yielded, however just inside a limited edition inside Germany, plus this was the very first time the GTI label had been employed for a Polo. A GTI variation of the Mark IIIF Polo, with a 92 kW 1.6-litre petrol engine was furthermore yielded.

In 2004 Volkswagen Individual, a professional division of Volkswagen, yielded a limited quantity of Club Sports with a 1.8T 132 kW engine. Available just inside Germany, this was based found on the one-make racing series Polo Cup Racer hatchback. The Club Sport came with a roll cage inside the car plus Recaro racing seats because standard.

A GTI variation of the Polo Mark IVF was established inside 2006. This attributes styling synonymous to this of the modern Golf GTI along with a turbocharged 20-valve 110 kW 1.8-litre petrol engine. It has a 0–100 km/h time of 8.2 s along with a top speed of 216 km/h.

Volkswagen Individual have furthermore designed an even quicker Polo called the Polo GTI Cup Edition. Available with all the same 1.8T engine, albeit with 130 kW, its stated 0–100 km/h is 7.5 s plus it has a said top speed of 225 km/h.

Volkswagen Racing inside South Africa rallied a four-wheel drive Mark IVF Polo that shared certain components with its sister World Rally Championship Škoda Fabia; the S2000 has a 2.0 L 191 kW engine.

Mark IV Polos have been entered into the Junior World Rally Championship.

There have been a quantity of 1 create race series for the Polo, beginning with all the G40 Cup for Mark II plus Mark IIF G40 versions. The present Polo Cup championship for 78 kW vehicles is a help race at rounds of the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters. Comfort line 1.2 CC engine

The initial Polo was effectively a rebadged adaptation of the Audi 50 hatchback established inside August 1974. The Audi 50 was discontinued inside 1978 because Audi concentrated about greater deluxe models. The Mark I plus Mark II versions of the Polo were then standalone models inside the Volkswagen range.

With the expansion of the Volkswagen Group, Audi, SEAT plus Škoda were acquired, as well as the platform employed for the Polo was shared with different models.

The Mark III Polo shared its platform with all the SEAT Ibiza Mark II. The Ibiza was really introduced before the Polo, plus shared really all its mechanicals, the dashboard plus alternative inside components, though there were no body panels shared involving the 2 vehicles. The saloon plus property versions of the Mark III Polo were really re-badged SEAT Córdoba models, plus had no body panels inside widespread with all the Polo hatchback. The SEAT Inca plus Volkswagen Caddy vans were additionally based about this model. The Volkswagen Lupo plus SEAT Arosa were additionally based about a shortened adaptation of the Mark III Polo platform.

The Mark IV Polo continued this trend of platform sharing, with all the SEAT Ibiza Mark III plus Škoda Fabia Marks I & II both being developed found on the same platform plus featuring many of the same motors.

The 2009 Mark V Polo is developed found on the latest platform PQ25, the same platform selected inside the SEAT Ibiza Mark IV that has been introduced inside 2008 as well as the Audi A1.

The initial Polos were hatchbacks, with all the saloon being advertised because the Volkswagen Derby.

On the arrival of the Mark II model, the saloon was renamed the Volkswagen Polo Classic as well as the hatchback fashion was renamed because a coupé, the Volkswagen Polo Coupé. Unusually, the Polo that has been advertised because a hatchback was closer inside concept with an property. This variation was the top inside almost each nation where the Polo was available.

From the Mark III onwards, the range was more straightforwardly traditional, including unambiguous saloon, hatchback plus property models.

The first-generation Polo, a rebadged variation of the Audi 50, was introduced inside 1975 plus was yielded till October 1981. By 1979, 500,000 Polos were yielded worldwide. It shared the internal designation Typ 86 with all the Audi 50.

The variations amongst the Audi plus Volkswagen models were minor, with all the Polo being cheaper and more standard. The two cars were initially available alongside every additional, however, the Audi 50 not available also, plus was withdrawn inside 1978. The Polo was produced at the Volkswagen plant inside Wolfsburg.

In 1977, the Derby saloon was introduced, that was just a Polo, identical with the hatchback within the C-pillar forward, with a big boot connected.

The Mark I Polo was accessible with all the following engines:

895 cc, straight-4 petrol
1093 cc straight-4 petrol, 37 kW
1272 cc, straight-4 petrol,

Different degrees of compression were selected about every size with achieve different force outputs, as well as the variations are many, usually differing depending found on the nation of sale, ranging from 26 with 44 kW.

All internal combustion motors rely about combustion of the chemical gas, usually with oxygen within the air. The combustion task usually results inside the manufacturing of the remarkable amount of heat, and also the manufacturing of steam plus carbon dioxide plus different chemicals at high temperature; the temperature reached is determined by the chemical create up of the gas plus oxidisers, in addition to by the compression plus different factors.

The most commonly known contemporary fuels are produced up of hydrocarbons plus are produced largely from fossil fuels. Fossil fuels include diesel gas, gasoline plus petroleum fuel, as well as the rarer employ of propane. Except for the gas delivery components, many internal combustion motors which are made for gasoline employ will run about all-natural fuel or liquefied petroleum gases without main modifications. Large diesels may run with air mixed with gases along with a pilot diesel gas ignition injection. Liquid plus gaseous biofuels, including ethanol plus biodiesel, will additionally be selected. Engines with appropriate modifications will moreover run about hydrogen fuel, lumber fuel, or charcoal fuel, and from so-called manufacturer fuel made of different advantageous biomass. Recently, experiments have been created with utilizing powdered strong fuels, like the magnesium injection cycle.

Internal combustion motors need ignition of the mixture, either by spark ignition or compression ignition. Before the innovation of reliable electric techniques, hot tube plus flame techniques were chosen. Experimental machines with laser ignition have been built.

Gasoline Ignition Process

Gasoline engine ignition systems mostly depend about a mixture of a lead–acid power plus an induction coil with give a high-voltage electrical spark with ignite the air-fuel blend inside the engine's cylinders. This power is recharged throughout procedure utilizing an electricity-generating device including an alternator or generator driven by the engine. Gasoline machines take inside a mixture of air plus gasoline plus compress it not to over 12.8 bar, then employ a spark connect with ignite the mixture whenever it is actually compressed by the piston head inside every cylinder.

While gasoline internal combustion machines are much simpler with begin inside cold weather than diesel machines, they will nonetheless have cold weather beginning difficulties beneath extreme conditions. For years the answer was with park the auto inside heated regions. In several components of the planet the oil was really drained plus heated over evening plus returned with the engine for cold begins. In the early 1950s the gasoline Gasifier device was developed, where element about cold weather begins raw gasoline was diverted with the device where element of the fuel was burnt causing the alternative piece with become a hot vapor transferred straight with the consumption valve manifold. This device was very favored until electrical engine block heaters became standard about gasoline machines available inside cold climates.

Diesel machines plus HCCI machines, depend only about heat plus stress produced by the engine inside its compression task for ignition. The compression level which happens is commonly twice or even more than a gasoline engine. Diesel motors take inside air just, plus soon before peak compression, spray a little amount of diesel gas into the cylinder through a gas injector which enables the gas with instantaneously ignite. HCCI kind motors take inside both air plus gas, nevertheless continue with depend about an unaided auto-combustion task, due with high pressures plus heat. This really is equally why diesel plus HCCI motors are more susceptible with cold-starting issues, though they run really also inside cold weather when began. Light duty diesel machines with indirect injection inside cars plus light pickups employ glowplugs which pre-heat the combustion room before beginning with lessen no-start conditions inside cold weather. Most diesels have a power plus charging system; nevertheless, this program is secondary plus is added by producers because a deluxe for the ease of beginning, turning gas about plus off, as well as for running auxiliary electric components plus accessories. Many fresh motors depend about electric plus electronic engine control units which moreover change the combustion task with heighten efficiency plus lower emissions.

The Polo Mark II was introduced inside October 1981, with all the main change being the introduction of the 3rd body fashion with a steep back window, and adaptation resembling the authentic Mark I form with a diagonal back window. These two body designs were called the Wagon plus Coupé respectively, though in actuality both were three-door hatchbacks, plus inside certain markets the Wagon designation wasn't selected, with which auto being just the "Volkswagen Polo" without a suffix. The sedan adaptation was today called the Polo Classic, as well as the Derby name became extinct. Production was extended with Spain inside the mid-1980s following Volkswagen's takeover of SEAT. By 1983, the millionth Polo was yielded. The 2nd million were yielded by 1986.

The model today competed inside the supermini sector with all the wants of the Austin Metro, Ford Fiesta plus Citroën Visa plus it was among the biggest models inside its class. Due to Volkswagen's sub-premium advertising positioning, nevertheless, its pricing was closer with competitor models inside the class above, like the Ford Escort plus Vauxhall Astra/Opel Kadett.

The Mark II Polo was employed thoroughly by Volkswagen with develop future innovations, for illustration supercharging with a 40 mm G-Lader supercharger inside the GT G40 adaptation. A 60 mm G-Lader might later be selected found on the greater plus more officially challenging G60 engine selected inside the Golf plus Corrado.

A gas effective two-cylinder diesel was prototyped inside the mid 1980s with a G40 supercharger with overcome its tiny capability, though this didn't create it with manufacturing. A significant gas efficiency model that did create manufacturing was the Formel E, introduced inside 1983. This employed a significant compression 1272 cc engine, overdrive top-gear ratio plus an early stop-start ignition program that might cut the engine whenever idle for over 2 seconds with protect gas while temporarily stopped inside traffic, plus restart the engine about moving the gear lever with the left inside neutral. Similar systems were later employed found on the Volkswagen Golf Mk3 plus many systems from additional vehicle producers.

It became a prevalent import inside the UK, contending with all the loves of the Peugeot 205, Fiat Uno plus Nissan Micra. Its security plus build standard were amidst the greatest with be found about a little auto of the era.

The Mark II was accessible with all the following engines:

1093 cc straight-4 petrol
1272 cc straight-4 petrol
1043 cc straight-4 petrol
1272 cc straight-4 petrol with gas injection plus built with a catalytic converter. GT
1272 cc straight-4 supercharged petrol with 83 kW
1.3 L straight-4 diesel
1.4 L straight-4 diesel


Polo Mark II Facelift
Volkswagen Polo Mark IIF VW Polo 2 front 20071026.jpg
Production 1990–1994
Assembly Navarra, Spain
Wolfsburg, Germany
Zwickau, Germany

The Mark II Facelift had been a far-reaching facelift of the MkII, including a re-skin of the bodywork. The unique look saw square headlights, enlarged plus reshaped tail-lights, bigger bumpers along with a unique interior. The 3 different body designs were maintained. Also because the aesthetic variations, below our skin the auto received modifications with the chassis, suspension plus brakes. The new Polo nonetheless had the 4-cylinder machines yet today in addition to the carburettor 1.0 L, a gas injection model was accessible with single-point injection plus all motors came with a catalytic converter because standard with fight tightening European emissions laws. The saloon was just yielded inside Spain, plus creation ceased inside 1992.

At the time of release of the Mark IIF Polo, the greatest performance model was the Polo GT. This showcased a multi-point fuel-injected adaptation of the 1272 cc engine. This yielded 75 bhp plus had a quoted top speed of 172 km/h. 0-60 figures stood at 11.1 seconds. Defining highlights of the GT include red piping inside the bumpers, black overhead fabric, a rev countertop along with a red "GT" badge inside the grille. This was succeeded by the release of the G40 inside May 1991, displacing the GT because the many effective Polo at the time. The GT squareback was discontinued inside 1992 due with bad sales compared with all the coupé variation.

After the release of the Mark IIF, another sporting model was put into the range — a fresh variation of the supercharged G40, today because a full creation model in every markets instead of the limited batch of Mark II G40s. As with all the previous model, Volkswagen Motorsport modified G40 Cup vehicles were available for racing inside a one-make series, the Volkswagen Polo G40 Cup. Features which define the G40 from different Polo models at the time include a bee-sting aerial, BBS cross-spoke alloy wheels, Le Mans inside trim plus front plus back red "G40" badges.


The Mark III Polo or Typ 6N, appeared inside 1994, plus had been a completely unique model, accessible because 3- plus 5-door hatchback versions, the latter generating VW the last main European maker with finally provide 4 doorways inside this class. It shared its platform with all the SEAT Ibiza Mark 2. This platform really chosen the floorpan of the Volkswagen Golf Mk3. Although the dashboard along with a quantity of mechanical components, including machines, were shared with all the Ibiza, outwardly the 2 vehicles were different, without shared body panels.

The saloon plus property versions of the Mark III were basically rebadged SEAT Córdobas, that were introduced a year earlier. They were referred with internally by Volkswagen because the Typ 6KV, plus shared body panels with all the SEAT model instead of the Polo hatchback models, with several aesthetic changes including unique back plus front bumpers plus headlights. The Volkswagen Caddy 9K van equally shares the same platform plus front-end styling because the 6KV models.

The Volkswagen Lupo plus SEAT Arosa city vehicles were based about a shortened adaptation of the Typ 6N platform, plus shared several components.

The vehicle was accessible with all the following engines:

1043 cc straight-4 petrol 33 kW
1272 cc straight-4 petrol 40 kW
1.6 L straight-4 petrol 55 kW
1.4 L straight-4 16-valve petrol 74 kW
1.4 L straight-4 petrol 60 PS
999 cc straight-4 petrol 50 PS — all-new aluminium block multi-point injection
1.6 L straight-4 16-valve petrol 88 kW
1.6 L straight-4 petrol 74 kW
1.6 L straight-4 petrol 55 kW
1.9 L straight-4 diesel 47 kW

The facelifted Mark III Phase II was introduced inside 2000. The hatchback models showcased up-to-date styling including new headlights plus bumpers plus an all modern inside based about which of the Lupo. Although the vehicle was synonymous inside appearance with the Mark III, Volkswagen stated which 70% of the components were brand-new. The bodyshell was completely galvanised plus stiffened however, not totally redesigned, though several panels were changed. Twin airbags were created standard. The saloon plus property versions received the new interior, yet not the full outdoor facelift. Additionally, the 3-cylinder 1.4 TDI engine was introduced for the 3 plus 5-door hatchbacks and a 1.6 16v GTI adaptation. The Mark IIIF Polo Classic continues to be available inside Argentina.

Both versions of the Mark III Polo were sturdy sellers inside the UK plus sturdy rival for the loves of the Fiat Punto plus Nissan Micra. At the time of its release, it was arguably the number one little vehicle about sale inside Britain inside terms of build standard plus "upmarket" feel. The 1.4 TDI was considered the number one inside the range due with its security, gas expenditure, plus relative force, for a little engine.

The Volkswagen Polo Mk4 is the 4th generation of the Volkswagen Polo supermini auto yielded by the German maker Volkswagen. It was advertised from early 2002 with 2009 inside many nations. It continues to be produced inside South Africa, where it really is available because the Polo Vivo. The Mk4 changed the Volkswagen Polo Mk3, whilst the Polo Vivo changed the Citi Golf.
The model range involves the norm for present Volkswagen models, within the Comfortline with the Trendline plus Highline, while featuring an extense list of extras which had today become norm inside mid-sized tiny vehicles. Items including ABS, energy steering, front plus side airbags plus front plus back head restraints were standard about all models plus ESP, brake assistance, air conditioner, satellite navigation etc were optional about high spec models.

It is the initially Polo generation with utilize a semi-automatic air conditioner program, with automatic climate control, called Climatic, which changes the inside temperature automatically with the worth set found on the control panel, while the air distribution plus air blower speed are modified manually. A fully automatic air conditioner program, called Climatronic, was moreover available.

It was accessible with a choice of the five-speed guide gearbox, a six-speed guide gearbox, just for the stylish 1.9-litre 130 PS diesel model, or with a four-speed automatic gearbox, selected just inside combination with all the 1.4-litre 75 PS petrol engine. A six-speed semi-automatic transmission was added from mid-2006, following the facelift, equally accessible just with all the 1.4-litre 80 PS or with all the 1.6-litre 105 PS petrol motors.

There was additionally a crossover variation of the Polo, with off-road styling, called Polo Fun, nevertheless despite its appearance the vehicle was not accessible with four-wheel-drive. According with Volkswagen, the following generation of the Polo might get the 4motion way.

A sedan adaptation, called Polo Classic, is yielded inside Brazil, South Africa plus China plus exported with the rest of Latin America plus Australia. With the introduction of the Polo Classic saloon inside the Australian marketplace inside 2004, the Chinese adaptation, has the distinction of being the initially Chinese-built automobile with be yielded inside right-hand drive.

Compared with the hatchback model, the Polo Sedan is completely re-styled within the B-pillar rearwards. The window line has a slight upward incline as well as the rooftop attributes Volkswagen’s trademark curves as well as the concise styling of the C-pillar delivers aspects which are really reminiscent of the coupe. At the back, the big horizontally split back lights plus sculptured panels complete a shape which is classically Volkswagen.

Overall, the Polo Sedan is 28 centimetres longer than the hatchback variation. Consequently with all the back seatback inside area, the Polo Sedan has 461 litres of boot capability of energy at 5500 rpm plus peak torque of 140 N·m at 3250 rpm. Transmission is a five-speed guide.

Standard attributes including double front plus side airbags, semi-automatic air conditioner, CD player, ABS brakes plus remote central locking with engine immobiliser.